Quantifying temporal trends in PFAS and mercury concentrations in surface waters and recreational fish of the Finger Lakes is critical for protecting human and ecosystem health and informing effective management decisions. Both PFAS and mercury are persistent contaminants that can accumulate in aquatic food webs, leading to elevated exposures in fish consumed by local residents and visitors. Monitoring is needed to determine whether regulatory actions, changes in land use, wastewater inputs, atmospheric deposition, and climate-driven shifts in lake processes are reducing or exacerbating contaminant burdens over time. Understanding temporal patterns will help identify emerging contamination sources (e.g., from new agricultural practices), evaluate the effectiveness of mitigation efforts, and improve fish consumption advisories. These data are essential for state agencies, public health officials, and lake managers seeking to safeguard recreational fisheries, protect drinking water resources, and maintain the ecological and economic value of the Finger Lakes region.